The assistance during takeoff is modest as the spool powers are north of 20MW each in this phase, and the motor generators are 1MW (low spool) and 0.5MW (high spool).Īt cruise, the spools need between 5 to 7 MW each, dependent on the engine variant. The taxi and takeoff will consume the energy stored in the aircraft battery therefore, the function during the rest of the flight is to assist the engine during power changes (by allowing more aggressive scheduling of the compressors) with the remains of the battery energy.įigure 4. The energy is then used to drive the fan via a motor generator working in parallel on the low spool, Figure 4. During the ground stop, batteries in the fuselage are charged. The hybrid part is an add-on energy conservation part. The concept also lowers contrail generation as the amount of recirculation can be managed, and any excess water can be dumped into the atmosphere after the condenser.
The mass increase from the water gives the combustion gasses a higher energy level so that more power can be extracted from the turbines. The lower combustion temperature reduces NOx creation by up to 80%. Source: SWITCH.Īfter the steam turbine, the water is routed to the combustor as steam, where it’s injected to lower the combustion temperature. The first part, between 20, develops the WET engine components and further develops the hybrid technologies that Pratt & Whitney/Collins worked on in the STEP project and the regional turboprop demonstrator with De Havilland Canada.įigure 3. In total, Industry partners and Universities from 11 countries are involved in the project. The SWITCH project is a European Clean Sky project with several participants, Figure 2. The concept also has a hybrid part which is primarily used for a low-emission taxi. The WET cycle will gain about 10% efficiency compared to today’s GTF. The steam is finally injected into the combustor to lower emissions. Water from the exhaust, extracted from the core exhaust in a condenser, is heated to steam by the vaporizer and then drives a steam turbine that co-drives the fan. The engine, which has a mild parallel hybrid architecture, extracts more energy from the turbofan fuel by driving the core exhaust through a vaporizer, where it recovers more heat from the core exhaust, Figure 1. There are participants from 11 countries in the project, among them Pratt & Whitney’s sister company Collins aerospace, GKN’s Swedish part, and Airbus. The project is called SWITCH, an acronym for Sustainable Water-Injecting Turbofan Comprising Hybrid-Electrics. November 29, 2022, © Leeham News: MTU and Pratt & Whitney presented an EU Clean Sky project today where they will develop an advanced engine concept based on the Pratt & Whitney GTF.
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